ABSTRACT
Granulosa cells (GCs) are essential components of follicles and play a role in regulating follicle development. The aim of this study was to investigate certain cellular components involved in the proliferation, differentiation and functional characteristics of granulosa cells in the success of fertilization of human oocytes during invitro fertilization (IVF) via immunohistochemical techniques. In this study, 30 patients who were diagnosed as primary or secondary infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome in the IVF center of Memorial Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology were included. The amount of Anti Müllerian Hormone (AMH) in blood and granulosa cell diameter and cell core diameter were measured in 20 cells collected from each patient. In addition, degeneration scoring and BAX, ADAMTS-1, IL-10 expressions in granulosa cells were evaluated (p <0.01). It was thought that apoptosis induced by human GCs might be an indicator of egg quality. Moderate expression of ADAMTS-1 was thought to be related to failure of ovulation, deterioration of oocyte quality and decreased fertilization rate. This decrease in AMH levels may be associated with defects in granulosa cells. Therefore, significantly lower AMH secretion and increase in IL10 expression levels in healthy people can be explained by the increase of granulocyte cells.
Las células de la granulosa (GC) son componentes esenciales de los folículos y tienen un papel en la regulación del desarrollo de éste. El objetivo del estudio fue investigar ciertos componentes celulares involucrados en la proliferación, diferenciación y características funcionales de las células de la granulosa en el éxito de la fertilización de los ovocitos humanos durante la fertilización in vitro (FIV) a través de técnicas inmunohistoquímicas. En este estudio, se incluyeron 30 pacientes diagnosticados con infertilidad primaria o secundaria, síndrome de ovario poliquístico en el centro de FIV del Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología del Hospital Memorial. La cantidad de Hormona Anti Mülleriana (AMH) en la sangre, el diámetro de las células de la granulosa y el diámetro del núcleo celular se midieron en 20 células obtenidas de cada paciente. Además, se evaluó la puntuación de degeneración y las expresiones BAX, ADAMTS-1, IL-10 en células de granulosa (p <0,01). Se estimó que la apoptosis inducida por los GC humanos podría ser un indicador de la calidad del huevo. Se estimó que la expresión moderada de ADAMTS-1 estaba relacionada con el fracaso de la ovulación, el deterioro de la calidad de los ovocitos y la disminución de la tasa de fertilización. La disminución en los niveles de AMH puede estar asociada con defectos en las células de la granulosa. Por lo tanto, el aumento de las células de granulocitos puede explicar la disminución significativa de la secreción de AMH y el aumento de los niveles de expresión de IL10 en personas sanas.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Fertilization in Vitro/methods , Interleukin-10/metabolism , bcl-2-Associated X Protein/metabolism , ADAMTS1 Protein/metabolism , Granulosa Cells/metabolism , ImmunohistochemistryABSTRACT
Abstract Purpose To investigate the protective effect of rosmarinic acid (RA) in ovarian ischemia/reperfusion injury using biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical methods. Methods Wistar female rats (n = 32) were randomly divided into four groups: control, ischemia, ischemia-reperfusion, and ischemia-reperfusion with RA. Rosmarinic acid was given at a dose of 50 mg/kg by oral gavage three hours after reperfusion. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were determined in the ovary tissue homogenates for each rat. Results In the ischemia-reperfusion with RA group, the epithelial cells are regularly regulated at the periphery, and the degenerative changes in preantral and antral follicle cells are reduced. Follicle cells and cells in the corpus luteum showed a decrease in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, while VEGF demonstrated a positive reaction in vascular endothelial cells and stromal cells. The TNF-α expression due to the decreased degenerative effect and inflammation was positive in the macrophage cells. The expression of caspase-3 as an apoptosis change was negative in antral follicle cells and granular cells around the antral follicle. Conclusion Different doses of RA may be useful in preventing ischemic damage after vascularization, inflammation, and apoptotic development after ischemia/reperfusion.